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The Role of the United States Congress in the HIV/AIDS Pandemic
Briefing to Congress

8:50	Welcome and Introduction by Event Co-Chairs: Congressmen Jim Kolbe (R-AZ) and Jim McDermott (D-WA)
9:00	Panel One: Broad Overview - Current Status of Crisis -Pattern of infection -How it is spread in different regions -Role of behavior Dr. Paul De Lay, United States Agency for International Development Presentation (PDF, 159K) Dr. Helene Gayle, Centers for Disease Control Presentation (PDF, 407K) Mr. Keith Hansen, ACTAfrica/World Bank
9:45	Panel Two: State of the Science -Treatment for Opportunistic Infections -ARV Therapy- What it is; How it works; Who benefits and who doesn’t -Vaccine research -Development of drug resistance Dr. Donald Burke, Johns Hopkins University Dr. Jeanne McDermott, National Institutes of Health Presentation (PDF, 232K) Dr. Eve Slater, Merck & Co.
10:30	Panel Three: Interventions -Prevention, care and treatment -What can we do? -The policies that work Dr. Charles Farthing, AIDS Healthcare Foundation Dr. Peter Lamptey, Family Health International Dr. Jim Jong Kim, Harvard Medical School Ambassador Seck, Embassy of Senegal
11:15	Panel Four: What Can Congress Do? -Appropriate money -Create new money -Issues of leadership Dr. Amir Attaran, Harvard International Centre for Development Paper (PDF, 87K) Mr. Hans Binswanger, World Bank Mr. Adolfo Franco, House International Relations Committee Mr. Steven Morrison, Center for Strategic and International Studies
12:00	Luncheon Keynote Speaker: Mr. Bill Steiger, Special Assistant for International Affairs, Department of Health and Human Services
Speaker Biographies
Dr. Amir Attaran, DPhil, LLB Amir Attaran is the director of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. Attaran is a biologist and lawyer whose areas of interest include the organizational and legal aspects of international health, in particular the response of governments and donor agencies to neglected diseases such as malaria, TB, AIDS and so on. His current areas of work include the scientific organization of global anti-malaria efforts, patent law and access to drugs in developing countries, and the politics of DDT use in malaria control programs. Mr. Hans P. Binswanger Mr. Binswanger is the Sector Director (Environmental, Rural and Social Development) for the Africa Region at the World Bank. His previous posts include being the principal economist for the International Crops Research Institute and Semi-Arid Tropics in Hyderabad, India . Mr. Binswanger’s interest in the global HIV/AIDS pandemic stem from his work at the Bank but also as President of the non-profit, AIDS Empowerment and Treatment International (AIDSETI), which provides treatment for HIV/AIDS sufferers in resource poor settings and which seeks to broaden its reach in the coming years. He recently published the article: HIV/AIDS Treatment for Millions in “Science” which deals with schemes to provide access to HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals for those who cannot pay for them. Dr. Donald Scott Burke Dr. Donald Scott Burke is Professor of International Health, Epidemiology, and Medicine and Director of the Center for Immunization Research at Johns Hopkins University. Burke received his BA degree from Case Western Reserve University and his MD from Harvard Medical School. He trained in Internal Medicine on the Harvard Services at the Boston City Hospital and the Massachusetts General Hospital, and in Infectious Diseases at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Dr. Burke served for 23 years (1973-1997) on active duty in the US Army, where for his entire career he conducted medical research on control of infectious diseases of military importance. For six years (1978-84) he and his family lived in Bangkok, Thailand , where he conducted research on tropical virus diseases. Dr. Burke has led vaccine and field projects on dengue, Japanese encephalitis, and hepatitis A. From 1987 to 1997 Dr. Burke served as the Director of US military HIV/AIDS research, where he led international HIV vaccine development efforts. In 1996 Dr. Burke was elected President of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. He has served as adviser to the national and international agencies such as the NIH, the FDA, and the WHO. He was a co-founder of the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative and has since served as a Senior Science Advisor to IAVI. Dr. Paul De Lay Paul De Lay is the chief of the HIV/AIDS Division in the Global Bureau of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). USAID assists over 50 developing countries with policy reform/advocacy, design, implementation and evaluation of HIV prevention and mitigation programs, through both host country public and private/non-governmental organization resources. In addition, USAID supports the research and development of critical technologies useful for these settings, such as rapid, simple STD diagnostics, the female condom, a vaginal microbicide, and methods to decrease maternal to child HIV transmission. Paul De Lay is a medical doctor with training and experience in family practice, infectious/tropical disease, epidemiology, preventive medicine and public health. He practiced clinical medicine for 13 years, including 8 years as Medical Director of Refugee Medical Services for the City of San Francisco . In 1988, Paul joined the World Health Organization’s Global Programme on AIDS, working primarily in Malawi , east Africa . In 1991, Paul joined the HIV-AIDS Division at USAID, serving as a Senior Technical Advisor focusing on STD prevention and management, HIV epidemiologic surveillance, simulation modeling to assess impact, evaluation methodologies, and developing the Agency’s strategy to support HIV related care. Dr. De Lay has now worked in over 20 developing countries in all regions of the globe. He was named as Chief of the HIV-AIDS Division in February of 1997. Charles F. Farthing, MD Dr. Charles Farthing is Director of the AIDS Healthcare Foundation, Los Angeles and an Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine at UCLA. He is from New Zealand where he received his medical training and specialized in Internal Medicine. He began working with AIDS in the United Kingdom in 1983 when subspecializing in dermatology. In 1989 he emigrated to the USA training in infectious disease at New York University Medical Center , where he was an investigator with the ACTG and became Medical Director of the Bellevue Hospital AIDS Program. He came to Los Angeles and joined AIDS Healthcare Foundation as Medical Director in 1994. He has strong interests in antiretroviral therapy and vaccine development and has participated in many AIDS clinical trials. Mr. Adolfo Franco Adolfo Franco is the Counsel on the House Committee on International Relations. Before that he spent many years at the Inter-American Foundation, where he served as Deputy General Counsel and later as Senior Vice President and General Counsel. He holds a MA from Northern Iowa and completed law school at Creighton University . Dr. Helene D. Gayle Helene D. Gayle is the Director for the National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, (NCHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In this capacity, she provides scientific, managerial and policy leadership for surveillance, research, prevention and control activities related to HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases and tuberculosis. Dr. Gayle received her B.A. from Barnard College of Columbia University and her M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania and M.P.H. from Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Gayle is board certified in Pediatrics, completing a residency in Pediatric Medicine at the Children's Hospital National Medical Center. After completing her residency, she entered the Epidemic Intelligence Service, a training program in epidemiology, at CDC, followed by a residency in Preventive Medicine, and then remained at CDC as a staff epidemiologist. At CDC, she has been involved in studying problems of malnutrition in children in the United States and internationally, evaluating and implementing child survival programs in Africa and working on HIV/AIDS research, programs and policy. Her work on HIV/AIDS issues has focused on women, children, adolescents, U.S. minorities and international populations. Dr. Gayle also served as the AIDS Coordinator and Chief of the HIV/AIDS Division for the US Agency for International Development (USAID). She has served as a health consultant to international agencies including the World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, the World Bank and UNAIDS and has worked extensively in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Prior to assuming her current position, she was an Associate Director of CDC and Director of CDC’s Washington office. Mr. Keith Hansen Keith Hansen is the Deputy Manager of the World Bank’s AIDS Campaign Team for Africa (ACTafrica). He has been centrally involved in the Bank’s work on AIDS for most of the past decade. In the 1990s, he designed and managed what was then the Bank’s largest AIDS project in the region, and helped to shift the Bank’s treatment of AIDS from a public health issue to an overarching development concern. With ACTafrica, he has helped to develop a comprehensive new strategy to intensify the Bank’s response to the epidemic and was one of the architects of the Multi-Country AIDS Program (MAP) for Africa. He has contributed to the design of national AIDS strategies in several African countries and the incorporation of HIV/AIDS into debt relief programs. He was the principal author of the papers the Bank has presented to finance ministers during its Spring Meetings of the past two years. He has taught on AIDS and development at Princeton University and has spoken on the subject in a wide variety of fora, including the United Nations, the OAU, the XIII International AIDS Conference in Durban , think tanks and universities. Jim Yong Kim, MD, PhD Jim Yong Kim is the executive director of Partners In Health (PIH), a Harvard-affiliated non-profit organization that supports health projects in poor communities of Latin America, Eastern Europe, Asia and the inner-city United States. One of the leading world authorities on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), Dr. Kim serves as director of the Program in Infectious Disease and Social Change at Harvard Medical School and is an attending physician at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston. Working closely with the World Health Organization, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and other stakeholders in the public, nonprofit and commercial sectors, Dr. Kim has played a central role in developing more effective global policies to control TB and MDR-TB. He was the founding chairperson of the WHO Green Light Committee for the Rational Procurement and Distribution of Second-line anti-TB Medicines and now heads the WHO Working Group on DOTS-Plus for MDR-TB. In 1999 he coauthored The Global Impact of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, a groundbreaking report documenting the epidemic rise of MDR-TB worldwide. Dr. Kim is coordinating the soon-to-be-released Global Tuberculosis Investment Plan, a strategy designed to increase funding and support for TB control programs around the world. Dr. Kim’s most recent book is Dying for Growth: Global Inequality and the Health of the Poor, an edited volume focusing on socioeconomic forces that can undermine the ability to provide basic social and medical services to people in poor countries. Another book, Miracles and Misery, a history and ethnography of the global pharmaceutical industry, is currently in preparation. Dr. Kim, 41, received his B.A. from Brown University, his Ph.D. in anthropology from Harvard University , and his M.D. from Harvard Medical School . Peter R. Lamptey, MD, DrPH Dr. Peter Lamptey directs the five-year Implementing AIDS Prevention and Care (IMPACT) Project, based in Arlington, Virginia, managed by Family Health International (FHI) and funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). IMPACT encompasses HIV/AIDS programs in Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean, Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Dr. Lamptey also is the Executive Vice President of AIDS Programs for Family Health International, an international nongovernmental (private voluntary) organization founded in 1971, based in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. FHI has managed more than 1,300 HIV/AIDS prevention and care projects in more than 60 countries worldwide since 1986. A public health physician, Dr. Lamptey is an internationally recognized expert on HIV/AIDS/STI (sexually transmitted infections), with particular emphasis on viral and infectious disease spread in non-industrialized countries. He is the former chair of the Monitoring the AIDS Pandemic (MAP) Network, a global network of more than 150 HIV/AIDS experts in 50 countries that was formed in 1996 by AIDSCAP, the Fran�ois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights of the Harvard School of Public Health, and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Dr. Lamptey delivered the HIV prevention plenary speeches at the world AIDS conferences held in Berlin, Germany, in 1993 and in Durban, South Africa, in 2000. From 1991-1997, Dr. Lamptey directed the AIDS Control and Prevention (AIDSCAP) Project, funded by USAID and implemented by FHI. The largest international HIV/AIDS prevention program undertaken to date, AIDSCAP consisted of more than 800 projects in 50 countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. Prior to AIDSCAP, he directed AIDSTECH, also funded by USAID as a global HIV/AIDS project and implemented by FHI from 1987 to 1992. Born in Ghana, Dr. Lamptey received his medical degree from the University of Ghana, a master's degree in public health from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and a doctorate in public health from the Harvard School of Public Health. Jeanne McDermott, PhD Jeanne McDermott joined Fogarty International Center, NIH in the Division of International Research and Training as Program Officer in April 2000. She works in the training programs related to maternal and child health, population, and HIV/AIDS. Her background is in nursing and midwifery (from Georgetown), and she has an MPH from Johns Hopkins, and a Ph.D. in epidemiology from Emory. She has lived and worked in Malawi and Swaziland, has spent 7 years at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and has served as a consultant for World Health Organization and World Bank. Most recently, Jeanne served for four years as Training Advisor for the MotherCare Project, a USAID-funded global maternal and neonatal health project. Mr. J. Stephen Morrison Stephen Morrison joined the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) as director of the Africa Program in January 2000. Previously, he served on the Policy Planning Staff at the U.S. Department of State where he was responsible for African affairs and global foreign assistance issues. In 1999, he led the State Department’s initiative on illicit diamonds and chaired an interagency review of the U.S. government’s crisis humanitarian programs. He holds a Ph.D. in political science from the University of Wisconsin, has been an adjunct professor at Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies since 1994, and is a graduate magna cum laude from Yale College. During 1993-1995, at then USAID administrator J. Brian Atwood’s request, Morrison conceptualized and launched USAID’s Office of Transition Initiatives, where he served as its first deputy director, created post-conflict field programs in Angola and Bosnia, and worked on other programs in Rwanda and Haiti. From early 1992 until mid-1993 he served as the democracy and governance adviser to the USAID mission and U.S. embassies in Ethiopia and Eritrea. In the period 1987-1991 he was a senior staff member of the House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa . At CSIS, Morrison chaired the CSIS Working Group on HIV/AIDS and is author of a chapter on U.S. policy to combat AIDS in the forthcoming CSIS publication Africa Policy in the Clinton Years: Critical Choices for the Bush Administration. He is director of the CSIS Task Force on HIV/AIDS, a two-year project undertaken in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Agency for International Development. The project seeks build a bipartisan consensus on robust policy initiatives and the centrality of U.S. leadership in strengthening state capacities in Africa and India to enhance prevention, care, and treatment of HIV/AIDS, and stem rising infection rates in at-risk countries. Ambassador Mamadou Mansour Seck As Ambassador to the United States of America, represented the Republic of Senegal on numerous legislative, academic, policy and decision-making initiatives. Included among these efforts were cooperating closely with the Department of State and Defense in conceptualizing the African Crisis Response Center Initiative (ACRI). Coordinated with the Pentagon and the African Center for Strategic Studies to convene in Senegal the first meeting between African & US government officials and Senior military leadership to discuss the relations between senior officers and senior civil servants in a modern democratic state. As Dean of the West African diplomatic corps, led numerous debates, discussions and congressional testimony (e.g. Ways and Means Committee of the US House of Representatives), and coordinated successfully to advance passage in the House and Senate of the African Growth and Opportunity Act. This historic legislation is the first ever trade bill between the US and Africa! Dr. Eve Slater A Phi Beta Kappa and Alpha Omega Alpha graduate of Vassar College and the Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Dr. Eve Slater completed her internship and residencies in medicine and cardiology, at the Massachusetts General Hospital. In 1976, she was the first woman appointed as Chief Resident in Medicine in the 165-year history of the hospital. She also served as Chief of the Hypertension Unit and was assistant professor of medicine at the Harvard Medical School. She is board certified in Internal Medicine and Cardiology. Dr. Slater joined the Merck Research Laboratories (MRL) as Senior Director of Biochemical Endocrinology in 1983. When promoted to Executive Director of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in 1986, she assumed responsibility for directing the endocrine, atherosclerosis and receptor molecular biology groups. Her own research focused on insulin resistance and receptor signal transduction. In recognition of her role in the rapid approval of MEVACOR by the FDA, Dr. Slater was given responsibilities for Merck’s worldwide regulatory activities as Executive Director of Clinical and Regulatory Development. Eve was promoted to Vice President in 1990 and to Senior Vice President in 1994. She was the first woman in MRL to achieve both ranks. She is currently Senior Vice President, MRL External Policy and Vice President, MRL Public Affairs. Dr. Slater is the past Chairman of the Regulations Advisory Board for the Centre for Medicines Research, International (CMR), U.K.; has served on the Keystone National Policy Dialogue on Establishment of Studies to Optimize the Medical Management of HIV Infection, and is the Merck representative to the Board of Participants of the Inter-Company Collaboration for AIDS Drug Development. More recently, she is a member of the Forum for HIV Collaborative Research, the Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council of the NIH, and the Policy Board of CMR.